Sunday, December 29, 2019

Unexpected Shocks in the Economy Lead to Fluctuation

Business cycle theories and their improvements are very interesting topics till now (although it is twentieth century product) because every economy wants a stables growth path but there are some expected or unexpected shocks which leads to fluctuations, as a result whole economy fluctuates. We are unable to foresee such fluctuations, so economists try their best in studying related situations in their country and rest of the world. They can ´t afford applying a policy and its results. May be the process will be too costly or harmful to test. So they do all these things in paper works, they study the previous literatures, their own economical situation and try to build a good model. Which could be able to answer the required questions? In this Article Lucas tries to explore the same things. He just wants to tell us about the features of a good model. He used comparative study between and within different school of thoughts (Keynes, Neoclassical) and tries his level best to show us about a good technique and model. In the very first part he tells us about a model following that the advantages of a good model. He is of the view that a good model will be able to tell us more things in a technical way, verbal explanation is not enough. About talking a good model he says model should be simple† The models answers actual economies give to simple questions, the more we trust its answers to harder questions†, give better imitation† depend on the particular questions to which oneShow MoreRelatedNew Classical Macroeconomics Arose From The Monetarism And Rational Expectation School Essay922 Words   |  4 Pagesrecession and a series of macroeconomic issues. Keynesian economists believe that changes in the money supply will lead to changes in effective demand that will changes in the total economy. For economic cycle fluctuation, Keynesian economists believe that is a disequilibrium phenomenon. In 1960s, Keynesian economists appealed to the Phillips curve, which means monetary or fiscal policy will lead to lower unemployment rate and cause higher inflation rate as well. However, the new classical rejected theRead MoreBusiness Cycle Theories : A General Comparison1625 Words   |  7 PagesTheories: A General Comparison Throughout history, economies have experienced times of high growth and low unemployment as well as times of little or negative growth and high unemployment. It is controversial whether or not these instances occurred from regular fluctuations in the market. These alternating up and down fluctuations typically occur over several years, with each individual cycle varying in length and intensity. These fluctuations are known as business cycles, which have four phasesRead MoreNotes : Floating And Fixed Exchange Rate Essay1372 Words   |  6 Pageskeep a high level of foreign reserves. This is a reserved amount of foreign currency held by the central bank that it can use to release (or absorb) extra funds into (or out of) the market. This ensures an appropriate money supply, appropriate fluctuations in the market (inflation/deflation) and ultimately, the exchange rate. The central bank can also adjust the official exchange rate when necessary. Advantages †¢ A fixed exchange rate may minimize instabilities in real economic activity †¢ CentralRead MoreGdp Of The Us, Eu28, Canada, And China1348 Words   |  6 Pagesyears, the GDP increase gradually and show a good economic trend; those investors continually expect the increase in price. They couldn’t prepare and forecast for the market bubbles, so they purchased more. In the end because of market bubble that leads to the inability to repaid loan. Crisis was at peak in the period 2007-2008. GDP dropped tremendously. To resolve the crisis, many policies are created to â€Å"countering the tightening of financial conditions† (Kohn, 2009). They â€Å"lowered the interestRead MoreJohn Maynard Keynes s Economic Theory And Policy After World War II1307 Words   |  6 Pagessupply and demand with no government control - would deliver full employment. John Maynard Keynes came up with a theory as a counterargument: that aggregate demand is the single most powerful force in any economy. Keynes explains that free markets are not able to balance themsel ves out enough to lead to the full employment everyone was waiting for. The 1930s gave rise to Keynes’ ideas, especially after the publication of his revolutionary book The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money inRead MoreThe Oil Crisis in the Seventies and The Monetary Policy1894 Words   |  8 PagesIn the early seventies of the past century, most of the developed countries’ economies started to tremble due to the unexpected oil shock, fired up by the OAPEC (Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries) proclaiming a severe restriction in the oil’s supply. Regarding to the macroeconomic theory, at this point the dominant one was still the Keynesian macroeconomics, even though the monetarist theories, coming especially from relevant articles like Friedman (1959, 1968) or Friedman and SchwartzRead MoreAggregate Expenditure And Output Of The Short Run Essay1563 Words   |  7 Pagesin the short run. In principle, an economy is in equilibrium when the main macroeconomic variables tend to remain stable over time without external shocks. However, the conditions that this balance must fulfill differ according to the period in which we are analyzing the economy. In any economy, output, income, and aggregate expenditure coincide. However, this cannot be the equilibrium condition, since it is an identity. In order to be able to say that the economy has reached the equilibrium, the conditionRead MoreThe Impact of Exchange Rate Fluctuation on Macroeconomic Performance in Nigeria22514 Words   |  91 PagesTHE IMPACT OF EXCHANGE RATE FLUCTUATION ON MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE IN NIGERIA CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY This study is designed to examine the causes of exchange rate fluctuations and their impact on the Nigerian economy since there is scarcely any country that lives in absolute autarky in this globalised world. The economies of all the countries of the world are linked directly or indirectly through asset or/and goods markets. This linkage is made possible throughRead MoreEffects Of Oil Prices On The American Economy1528 Words   |  7 Pagesprovides an overview on why there is oil price falling in the United States. It will examine the reasons that are influencing fall of oil prices. Additionally, the paper will seek to explore the effects caused by the fall of oil prices in the American’s economy. Introduction In the recent months, the prices of crude oil have dropped from 140 dollars per barrel to 60 dollars a barrel in the latest date. To begin with, there is technological revolution in the energy extraction referred to as â€Å"fracking† whichRead MoreSupply and Demand and Stationary Aggregate Demand4063 Words   |  17 Pages(Hubbard/O’Brien) Chapter 24 Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply Analysis 1) The static aggregate demand and aggregate supply curve model helps explain A) short term fluctuations in real GDP and the price level. B) long term growth. C) price fluctuations in an individual market. D) output fluctuations in an individual market. 2) The aggregate demand curve shows the relationship between the ________ and ________. A) inflation rate; quantity of real GDP demanded

No comments:

Post a Comment

Note: Only a member of this blog may post a comment.